Eighteenth-century Europe: tradition and progress, 1715-1789

Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 Government and Political Culture

Concepts Of Statecraft: Monarchies And Empires

State Power And Absolutist Monarchies

Absolutism and the French State

The Rise of Brandenburg-Prussia

The Habsburg Monarchy

Russia

Southern Europe

States In Decline And Transition

Northern Europe: The Decline of Sweden and Poland

The Ottoman Empire

British Politics And Government

British Politics at the Accession of George III

The British State and Public Finance

Conclusion

ch. 2 Warfare, Diplomacy, and International Competition

War And Peace In Eighteenth-Century Europe: Relations Among States

The Peace of Utrecht

King George's Wars

The Great War for Empire: The Seven Years War

The First Partition of Poland and Eastern European Rivalries

The Culture and Practice of Diplomacy

Military, State, And Society In Eighteenth-Century Europe

Military Life

Strategy, Tactics, and Technology

ch. 3 The Social Order

Rural Society

Lords and Serfs in Eastern and Central Europe

Seigneurs and Peasants in Western Europe

Rural Communities

Agrarian Reform: Failure of an Era

An Age Of Aristocracy

The Spectrum of Noble Elites

The English Upper Class: Aristocracy and Gentry

The Nobility and the State

Urban Society

Urban Elites

The Worlds of Work

ch. 4 Demographic and Economic Change

Population Growth

Historical Demography

The Death Rate

Health and Nutrition

Marriage Patterns and Birthrates

The Beginnings of Contraception

Economic Growth

Sustained Growth

Money and Credit

The Global Economy

The Atlantic Slave Trade and Plantation Slavery

The Beginnings Of Structural Change In England

The Agricultural Revolution

The Beginnings of Industrialization

ch. 5 Poverty and Public Order

The Struggle Against Poverty

The Family Economy

From Poverty to Indigence

The Indigent and the State on the Continent

The English Poor Laws

Unwanted Children

Crime And Punishment

Judicial Mechanisms

Torture and Punishment

Criminality

Poaching and the Game Laws

Rights and Riots

ch. 6 The Enlightenment

The Philosophes And The Enlightenment As A Movement

The Encyclopedie and Enlightenment Thought

The Encyclopedie: Publication and Resistance

Enlightenment Themes: Reason, Nature, And Religion

Deism and Empiricism

The Enlightenment and the Wider World

The Moral Basis of Enlightenment Political Theory: Montesquieu

The Enemy of Infamy: Voltaire

Rousseau: Morality, Nature, and Sentiment

Women, Gender, and Morality

Mary Wollstonecraft and A Vindication of the Rights of Woman

Economic Man

Economic Theory: Luxury and Commerce

Physiocracy and Laissez Faire

Adam Smith: The Social Value of Labor

Other Enlightenments

Materialism: Radical or Utilitarian Enlightenment?

Idealism: The German Enlightenment

ch. 7 Living the Enlightenment: The Public Sphere

The Ideal Of Public And Forms Of Public Space

Salons, Literary Gatherings, and Coffee Houses

Scientific and Literary Academies

Enlightenment Science and Colonial Society

Secondary and Higher Educational Institutions

Legal and Medical Education: The Persistence of Tradition

Freemasonry

Varieties Of Cultural Expression

Public Theater and Theater Publics

The Transformation of Playwriting

Art and Music

Popular Culture

The Uses Of Print: Diffusion And Resistance

Literacy, Religion, and Primary Education

A Reading Revolution?

Authorship

Printing and the Book Trade in England and France

The Public Sphere and Repression Elsewhere in Europe

Conclusion

ch. 8 Churches and Religious Life

Religious Diversity, Toleration, And Intolerance

The Catholic Church In Eighteenth-Century Europe

The Gallican Church: Catholicism in France

Challenges to the Gallican Church in France

Catholic Popular Piety

Protestantism In Revival

Pietism in Prussia

Pietism in the Habsburg Empire

English Methodism

Popular Intolerance in England

Female Pietists and Methodists

Judaism And Islam In Eighteenth-Century Europe

Judaism

Image and Reality of Islam

Religious Belief, Reform, And The Abolition Of The Slave Trade

ch. 9 Toward an Age of Democratic Revolution?

Cracks In The Old Order

The Second Partition of Poland

The Pugachev Rebellion in Russia

The Patriot Revolution in the Netherlands

The Turn To Democratic Revolution

Crowds and Reformers in England

Colonial Rebellion in America

The Coming Of The French Revolution, 1774-1789

Social Tensions

Cultural Origins of the French Revolution

The Failure of Reform

The Pre-Revolution, 1787-1789

Popular Unrest and the Convergence of Revolutions